Jesus said the Holy Spirit convicts "the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgement (John 16:5-11)." Let's look briefly at each of these.
He convicts of sin because they do not believe in Jesus. Jesus took the punishment on himself so that no one has to be separated from God. When a person does not believe in Jesus, they are refusing to accept the gift of forgiveness. They are left to receive the punishment for their sin, separation from God.
He convicts of righteousness because Jesus went to the father (vs 10). After Jesus presented his sacrifice to the Father, he gave us the power to live righteously. People no longer have to be bound by the cycle of sin. But the only way to be set free is through the power found in Jesus. Therefore they are guilty for not living righteously.
He convicts of judgement because the ruler of this world is judged (vs 11). Paul wrote in his letter to the church in Colosse that Jesus disarmed principalities and powers, made a public spectacle of them, triumphing over them (Colossians 2:15). Jesus has given us power over any demonic hold on us, so that we no longer need to suffer any form of addiction.
The Holy Spirit is conveying to the world the good news of salvation.
